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Why a new version

Two restatements in 2024 traced back to the same cause: cores that stopped at 30 cm on soils that store carbon deeper. v3.1 fixes that and tightens the satellite rules at the same time.

Every project moved to v3.1 by the 2025 re-measure.

What changed

Depth-split cores to 60 cm on sandy strata, a hard minimum of four clean passes per season, and the buffer released only after the next measurement narrows the interval.

Soil samples in the lab chain of custody
Lab chain of custody, Lisbon, 2025.
A methodology that never changes is one nobody is checking.

What stayed the same

The parts that worked did not change.

  • Stratification by soil type and slope
  • Issuance against the lower bound of the 90% interval
  • Model code and priors published with each vintage

How to read the change log

Each change lists the restatement that caused it. If you only read one section, read that column.